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Start using Git on the command line

Reference: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/gitlab-basics/start-using-git.html

If you want to start using Git and GitLab, make sure that you have created and/or signed into an account on GitLab.

Open a shell

Depending on your operating system, you will need to use a shell of your preference. Here are some suggestions:

Check if Git has already been installed

Git is usually preinstalled on Mac and Linux.

Type the following command and then press enter:

git --version

You should receive a message that will tell you which Git version you have on your computer. If you don’t receive a "Git version" message, it means that you need to download Git.

If Git doesn't automatically download, there's an option on the website to download manually. Then follow the steps on the installation window.

After you are finished installing, open a new shell and type "git --version" again to verify that it was correctly installed.

Add your Git username and set your email

It is important to configure your Git username and email address as every Git commit will use this information to identify you as the author.

On your shell, type the following command to add your username:

git config --global user.name "YOUR_USERNAME"

Then verify that you have the correct username:

git config --global user.name

To set your email address, type the following command:

git config --global user.email "your_email_address@example.com"

To verify that you entered your email correctly, type:

git config --global user.email

You'll need to do this only once as you are using the --global option. It tells Git to always use this information for anything you do on that system. If you want to override this with a different username or email address for specific projects, you can run the command without the --global option when you’re in that project.

Check your information

To view the information that you entered, type:

git config --global --list

Basic Git commands

Go to the master branch to pull the latest changes from there

git checkout master

Download the latest changes in the project

This is for you to work on an up-to-date copy (it is important to do every time you work on a project), while you setup tracking branches.

git pull REMOTE NAME-OF-BRANCH -u

Note

(REMOTE: origin) (NAME-OF-BRANCH: could be "master" or an existing branch)

Create a branch

Spaces won't be recognized, so you will need to use a hyphen or underscore.

git checkout -b NAME-OF-BRANCH

Work on a branch that has already been created

git checkout NAME-OF-BRANCH

View the changes you've made

It's important to be aware of what's happening and what's the status of your changes.

git status

Add changes to commit

You'll see your changes in red when you type "git status".

git add CHANGES IN RED

git commit -m "DESCRIBE THE INTENTION OF THE COMMIT"

Push changes to git.hyperlane.co

git push REMOTE NAME-OF-BRANCH

Delete all changes in the Git repository, but leave unstaged things

git checkout .

Delete all changes in the Git repository, including untracked files

git clean -f

Merge created branch with master branch

You need to be in the created branch.

git checkout NAME-OF-BRANCH

git merge master

Merge master branch with created branch

You need to be in the master branch.

git checkout master

git merge NAME-OF-BRANCH